The standard to achieve is dual track 240 km/h design speed electrified railway line from Polish/Lithuanian border to Kaunas, from Kaunas reaching Vilnius and Riga. Dining and sleeping cars are found on the main routes, and on the narrow gauge lines hot meals are provided at certain stations where the trains make sufficiently lengthy stops. They were followed by invading Russians. Lithuanian Railways strengthens the ties with Poland: a new train from Vilnius to Warsaw and a joint freight transportation company in the plans In August LTG Cargo transported record amount of grain and recorded cargo growth Lithuanian Railways presented a modern image: after renewing the interior, the exterior also changes The break in the railway network was patched up by the construction of the Kazlu-Ruda-Mariampole-Sestokai line, thirty-six miles long. Lithuania, with Kovno, came under the domination of Poland in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and became the centre of the export trade from the two countries to Russia. The landscape is varied. © Railway Wonders of the World 2012-20 | Contents | Site Map | Contact Us at info@railwaywondersoftheworld.com. The line between Tallinn antl Haapsalu has a short mileage electrified. They are also equipped with new fuel tanks and bogies without axle-box. To compare, in 2015 these transportation totaled 254 000 TEU containers while in 2020 the volume quadrupled. A reference to the map will show the difference that this new line has made to the means of communication between Lithuaniaâs capital and its outlet to the sea. The tedious journey, over lines arranged in the form of a letter S is now obviated. falls in this region are very beautiful. Lithuania was a medieval power and included parts of Poland, Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine within its territory. This is one of the Diesel-driven rail-cars owned by the State lines. It operates most railway lines in the country. In addition to the new railway from Schavli to Kretinga, an important light railway runs eastward from this town to Staciunai and thence on to Pakruojis, after which the line branches, one spur going north to Linkuva, the other proceeding eastward to Joniskelis, and thence on to Pasvalys. On the east, Lake Peipus and numerous swamps form a natural boundary separating it from Russia. Many of the locomotives in Estonia are of Russian origin. The population in 1935 was over 140,000, the next largest towns being Tartu with 58,600, Narva with 23,200, and Pärnu with 20,700 inhabitants. Another branch from Kohtla (ninety-five miles) reaches the coast at Järve. They also operate 22 km of standard gauge railway and a ~100 km dual gauge (standard and broad) line from Šeštokai to Kaunas. Lithuania Rail Travel Map showing major locations and routes through the country. Ordinary Lithuanian rolling stock, similarly to the locomotives, is of essentially German design and construction, the passenger coaches consisting of modern and convenient corridor and compartment vehicles. After years of warfare the Estonians were faced with the grim necessity of evolving a modern railway system from the ruins of the old. THE INTERNATIONAL SLEEPING CAR COMPANY provides stock on certain of the international trains. There is a large number of the smaller towns in Lithuania that are not yet served directly by a broad or a narrow gauge line; a road system links these outlying districts with towns along the route, thus enabling produce from the farms spread about the countryside to be marketed in Lithuaniaâs towns and in the centres of export. These lines are operated by some 245 locomotives, of which 169 are on the standard gauge main lines. This is not particularly fast running for a distance of only 183 miles; but, for a night journey at least, it has its good points. In 1940 the USSR occupied Lithuania, and railway activities were reorganized and all the agreements of Lithuania concluded with the neighbouring countries were terminated. Lithuania History and Culture Facts . So much for travelling conditions. The main line from Panevezys to Rokiskis is met by another light railway that runs south from Suvainiskiai on the Latvian border through Pandelys and Skapiskis, south of which is the junction. There is a direct train connection from Vilnius airport to this central station 18 times a day, which takes 8 minutes and costs €0.70. The distance from Tallinn to Narva is 130 miles on this broad-gauge line Tallinn is a city of steeples and towers, and has railway, sea, and air communications with the rest of Europe. Altogether, the Lithuanian cars, built in Germany, are much pleasanter vehicles to travel in than the ex-Russian coaches in Estonia; for, though the latter are roomy and lofty, they are built with a stern economy in the matter of window space, and the effect of an average interior is somewhat depressing. The traveller and consignments of goods leave Kaunas in a north-easterly direction as far as Jonavna, from which point the line runs north-west to the important junction of Radviliskis. They may be seen in France, Belgium, and even as far away as Romania and Greece. Example of later nose shape could be found at DR1AM line in this table. The first railway in the country was built in 1870 between Tallinn and Narva, as part of the Russian Imperial plan to link Tallinn (Reval as it then was) with what was then St. Petersburg and the capital of Russia and is now Leningrad. I welcomed the decision for two… The steam locomotives are almost equally divided between broad and narrow gauges. Through Memel passes a large part of the Republicâs chief exports, which are bacon, dairy produce, cellulose, timber, flax and livestock. The Lithuanian Railway Museum is situated on the 2nd floor of a former passenger hall in the train station of Vilnius. The museum consists of an indoor exhibition hall, a gallery and other interactive rooms. In these, German traditions in design are still strongly apparent, and some recent tank locomotives, with the unusual 2-4-4 wheel arrangement, are not dissimilar to the once-famous 2-4-4 tank engines built by Krauss and Company of Munich for the old Bavarian State Railways. The Lithuanians have found the modern light rail-car an invaluable asset to their secondary passenger traffic on rural and branch lines, and numbers of excellent little Diesel rail-cars with electrical transmission have recently been placed in service. Tour the capital, Vilnius, and stroll the cobblestone streets of Old Town. The total area is 18,370 square miles and the population at the census of March 1, 1934, was 1,126,413. Railways helped the Tsar crush Polish-Lithuanian rebellions of the mid-nineteenth century, facilitated the Bolsheviks’ defeat of other parties in the Russian Civil War, and allowed the post-Soviet Russian government to deal with Chechen insurgency in the 1990s. The Simnas line is also carried in a south-westerly direction to the Polish town of Sowalki. Helpful. Its total weight is 63 tons and has an overall length of 51 ft. The line included a stretch from Daugavpils–Vilnius–Kaunas–Virbalis which was started in 1858 and finished in 1860. This was changed back by Soviets in 1944. Now and then in the newspapers, we read about trade being carried on by barter between certain European countries, but it may occasion surprise to learn that a recent batch of narrow-gauge locomotives, ordered from the Czechoslovakian Skoda Works by the Lithuanian State Railways, were paid for with their value in native Lithuanian geese. Haapsalu, on the west coast and sixty-four miles from Tallinn, is one of the best-known summer resorts on the Baltic because of its mild climate, its beach, and its curative mud. The tunnel was dug from both sides in a 30-metre-high hill, under the residential area of Šančiai of Kaunas. SHALE OIL is the standard fuel for locomotives in Estonia and makes for economical working. As part of the development of the Rail Baltica line through Lithuania, more than 15 sites are being investigated daily for the suitability of each location. Country Guides France Germany. Timber accounted for nearly half this total, being followed by oil shale, pulp, plywood, fertilizers, and peat. Another line goes east from Lelle to Türi (ten miles) and then north-east to Tamsalu, where it links with the trunk line from Tallinn to Tartu, as stated earlier in this chapter. Kaunas, or Kovno, is an important centre of Lithuaniaâs railway system. During the war Russian soldiers burnt many of the trees which made up its thirty miles of avenues, but these have been replanted and the resort has recovered its former aspect of trees and flowers. The buildings cling to the slopes of the river banks, and the green cathedral hill is laid out as a park. Lithuanian Railways' main network consists of 1,749 km of 1,520 mm (4 ft 11.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap} 27⁄32 in) broad gauge railway of which 152.4 km are electrified. This the Germans, when they occupied the country, succeeded in doing, with the help of their own numerous locomotives and vehicles. The Memel territory did not pass to Lithuania until 1923, and before the construction of the new line, access from the capital was really difficult, necessitating a long and tiresome journey down to the German frontier near Tilsit, on the main line to Berlin and the west of Europe. Layers of mud, used as a remedy for certain complaints, have been formed on the Baltic coast, opposite the island of Saaremaa. Estonia next had to fight German adventurers under General von der Goltz, who were trying to use the pretext of fighting Bolshevism as an excuse for annexing the Baltic States. Locomotives 2M62-0001 to 2M62-0752 are equipped with M62 headlights, 2M62-0756 or later are equipped with DM62 headlights, 2M62-565 or later is equipped with new snowploughs. The surrounding country is covered by forests, and the soil is such that fog and dew are unknown, so that the air is dry, and the resort is frequented by visitors in search of health. Above is a typical excursion train in southern Estonia. Sunbathe on the beach in beautiful Klaipeda. Vilnius Railway Station is the largest station in the country, and the main hub for rail traffic. The Lithuanian State Railway system has passed through many vicissitudes, and these did not cease with the end of the war. The maximum fine for the Lithuanian railway company is expected to be an estimated EUR 35 million. Just like with many other things, it would have been better to have a single standardized gauge everywhere, but, for historical reasons, different countries use different gauges. In the old days of the Great Western broad gauge in England, the difference was too great to allow for anything of this kind to be evolved in a practical form even had it occurred to anyone. [6], Locomotives and trainsets for use on Lithuanian Railways' main network (excluding Panevezys-Rubikiai narrow gauge line) include:[7]. From Petseri to Valga the distance is sixty miles. The railway station at Tallinn was built by the Russians. The importance of the railways to the Lithuanian can hardly be exaggerated, particularly of the lines leading to Memel, the countryâs outlet to the Baltic Sea. The railway goes to Valk, or Valga L, on the Latvian side of the border, and on to Riga. The construction was surveyed by the French engineer G. F. Perrot, as well as Polish-Lithuanian engineer Stanisław Kierbedź. Letters/Numbers grid added on the side of the map. The new lines are of both broad and narrow gauges. “Track gauge” is the perpendicular distance between the inner faces of the two rails of a railway. A railway transport document had seemed to be a major bone of the contention. Say hello to the only railway museum in Lithuania – its situated in Vilnius, at the city’s train station and it offers a thorough look into the past of the country’s railways. Read more. Nearly 170 of these are built to the standard gauge. It is designed to haul loads of 300 tons up 1 in 62 grades, with curves, at 12½ mph. The Lithuanian State Railways have in operation on their lines some 245 locomotives. It is believed that, at any rate as far as the State Railway is concerned, there is not a single 4-4-0 express locomotive at work in Germany to-day, following upon the comprehensive scheme of standardization carried out since the war. The Berlin-Kaunas run, which is quite creditable considering the fact that three frontiers have to be crossed, occupies a day; the train spends the rest of the night reaching Riga in the manner just described. In 1918 Lithuanian independence was restored, and in 1919 the Lithuanian government concluded an agreement with Germany on the handover of the railway assets to the Ministry of Transport. A feature of the north coast is the steep limestone bank which falls abruptly into the sea. The trunk line south from Tallinn to Riga goes east to Tapa and then south through Tartu, to the Latvian border at Valga. 2008-10-08 Updates: Estonia: Freight only line Musta - Auvere closed. The section from Lelle, being new, has shortened the route by many miles. Belarusian Railway transported over 1 million containers TEU in 2020, up by 1.4 times compared to the same period of 2019. As one-fifth of the country is covered by forests the timber industry employs many hands Coniferous trees are worked up in sawmills and pulp mills, birch is used for plywood and cabinet making, and aspen is made into matches. It may be thought that the Lithuanian State Railways are simply a counterpart of the Estonian system, in view, of the fact that practically the whole of their system formerly belonged to Russia. The town has now about 5,000 inhabitants. It is located in the building of the train station. 1520 mm track railways extend to the Baltic States and CIS, while 1435 mm track railways connect Lithuania with Poland and, through the latter, with West European states. The railways of these Baltic countries are not spectacular in the matter of speed and ultra-modernity of equipment; but such things are in the nature of luxuries enjoyed by the larger and more powerful industrialized countries such as Great Britain, France, and Germany. Kaunas is 517 miles from Berlin, and the journey takes about thirteen hours by the through sleeping-car express. The trunk line goes south-east to Tartu, which is 118 miles. The figures have been rising since 1933, despite competition of road traffic. imposing. Rail lines are the length of railway route available for train service, irrespective of … West of Tallinn a broad-gauge line goes to Paldiski (thirty miles) on the north coast. The city was plundered and burned down by the Russians in 1655, and at the Third Partition of Poland in 1785 it was annexed to Russia. This 0-10-0 locomotive of the Lithuanian State Railways runs on a gauge of 2 ft. 6 in. The times are approximate but fast and slow trains in Lithuania do not deviate that much from each other, so you shouldn't expect the real travel time to be more than … The routes from London are via Harwich, Flushing, Berlin and Riga, via Dover, Calais, Brussels and Berlin, and via Dover, Ostend, Brussels, and Berlin; all the lines pass through the Latvian capital of Riga. This line turns south-west from Tartu. The trains generally stop at all stations. About nine-tenths of the people are Estonians, most of the other tenth being Russians, with Germans, and Swedes forming the remainder. Other industries were begun after the war, including those manufacturing chocolate, sweets, biscuits, and cigarettes. The largest of the Baltic islands included in Estonian territory are. The times are approximate but fast and slow trains in Lithuania do not deviate that much from each other, so you shouldn't expect the real travel time to be more than 20% longer or shorter than specified here. Interrail Lithuania Pass. Eur pelno", http://vz.lt/rinkos/2015/10/14/vertingiausios-baltijos-saliu-imones-sarase-trys-is-lietuvos, Baltic states under Soviet rule (1944–91), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lithuanian_Railways&oldid=994961700, 1860 establishments in the Russian Empire, Articles with dead external links from December 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles containing Lithuanian-language text, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The Germans were defeated, an armistice was signed, and a peace treaty was made with Russia on February 2, 1920. The first railway in Lithuania opened in the 1860s between Daugavpils (Latvia) and Vilnius, part of a planned through route between St Petersburg (Russia) and Warsaw (Poland). Pärnu is a model town and an important port. The line included a stretch from Daugavpils–Vilnius–Kaunas–Virbalis which was started in 1858 and finished in 1860. Tootsi area narrow gauge network partly closed. In 1991, the railways of the Baltic region were once again divided into separate railway companies. Above the town the falls of the river provide power for a big cotton and flax spinning factory. On the Baltic this was at first impossible, as the German stock would not run on the 5 ft gauge lines. In 5- and 6-car formations. After leaving Tapa on this line there is a junction at Tamsalu, nine miles from Tapa and fifty-seven miles from Tallinn, with a narrow-gauge line running to Türi, thirty-eight miles south-west. We didn't pay as we had a valid ticket of Lithuanian railways and this made the trick. The third-class coaches have wooden seats, but they are well designed and not uncomfortable for journeys of limited duration. Domestic trains in Lithuania: Trains in Lithuania are mainly operated by LGT Link. Though there are few expresses on the Estonian railways, and speed, judged by West European standards, is not high, railway travel is comfortable as well as inexpensive. best they could. Here are miles of sandy beach bordered by pine forests. 68 km of narrow gauge, serving five stations, are regularly used, employing 12 locomotives. The Interrail Lithuania Pass takes you to the highlights of Lithuania, like Vilnius, Klaipêda and the coastal village of Nida. Instead, therefore, of making invidious comparisons between them and the big systems of Western Europe, we should rather applaud, and indeed wonder at, the magnificent way in which their respective administrations have evolved complete order out of the chaos caused by the Russian retreat, the pre-war Russian methods, and the sad disintegration caused by war conditions. Peat, also developed since the war, is consumed at power stations from which the current is taken all over Estonia. Only about seven miles of line, between Tallinn and Pääsküla on the Haapsalu railway, are electrified. In 1941, the Nazi occupying force changed most of the network from broad gauge to standard gauge. The net result of these warlike activities is that to-day, while the Estonian railways are undeniably Russian in origin, those of Lithuania appear to be equally undeniably German. When the Germanarmy occupied Lithuania in 1915, the railway became the main supplier of food stuff and ammunition for the German army. ln their limited sphere the Baltic railways do their work well and efficiently. BUILT FOR LITHUANIA. Through Memel also there is a large volume of imports, food, mainly herrings, clothing in the form of textile goods, and large quantities of machinery. This is museum is about history and present of Lithuanian railways. Kaunas railway tunnel was built from 1859 till 1861. Bridges were blown up on the retreat in the approved manner, and things made generally as inconvenient as possible for the advancing enemy. carriages are comfortably fitted out. The biggest plant is operated by the State at Ellamaa, thirty-eight miles from Tallinn on the line to Haapsalu. On the broad gauge lines there are some 280 carriages in operation, and on the narrow gauge, 139. The Narva and other rivers provide a certain amount of power for factories, about 25,000 horse-power being obtained in this way. Paper making is one of the oldest industries in the country, one paper mill having existed in Tallinn as early as 1647. Oil is the main freight item carried.[5]. In spite of this, they still seem to be as numerous as ever in Germany. This oil is very economical, and on this account the train fares are claimed to be among the lowest in Europe. The story of Estonia is interesting. Since the war the Lithuanian State Railways have had a number of fine modern locomotives built for them by the Skoda Works, a well-known Czechoslovakian firm. To-day the engineering industry of the country employs about 3,500 workers. This new line, just under seventy-nine miles in length, gives direct communication between Central Lithuania, including the capital city of Kaunas (Kovno) and Klaipeda, the important seaport on the Baltic coast. Vilnius Railway Station is the largest station in the country and the main hub for rail traffic. The German Eastern Army was able to march into Lithuania and occupy it, merely drawing on that rolling stock which was in such a state of disrepair that the Russians were unable to move it. It is only fair to add that by far the fastest running is that behind the German State Railway locomotives through the Polish Corridor and East Prussia. From Rakvere (sixty-four miles), a branch goes to Kunda on the north coast. The most important river is the Narva, which flows from Lake Peipus. In Lithuania, as in Germany and Great Britain, the compartments have three windows - including that in the door - on either side, or a single large window, with entrance at the end of the coach. Twin-section version of M62. ON LOCAL ESTONIAN LINES Diesel-driven rail-cars have been introduced by the State Railways Administration. The majority of the Prussian 4-4-0âs, and all those belonging to the other German railways before the war, were of rather old-fashioned design, and were already becoming outclassed in the rigorous services imposed upon them by the German authorities. At this point travellers formerly began the long south-westerly detour almost as far as the east Prussian border before their train again turned north-west to its destination on the Baltic Sea. In 2019 Lithuanian Railways celebrates the 100-year anniversary since the start of independent train operations in the Baltic state. The fire-box is designed to burn mixed fuel of wood and coal. The mud is a soft pulpy mass bluish grey in colour, and its curative properties are due principally to sulphuric compositions. Subclass 2M62UM have new engines. Of the 422 passenger train vehicles, over 300 are standard gauge, while of goods vehicles there are over 3,900 standard gauge and about 500 narrow-gauge wagons and vans. For construction works has been hired Ernest Goüin et Cie. company from Paris. By reason of her uniformity in the matter of rail gauge with Central and Western Europe, Lithuania is much less isolated than Estonia, though she is in a correspondingly bad position where the broad gauge countries are concerned. It was founded in 1228 by the Order of the Knights and contains the ruins of a castle. Not only do the oil and shale provide fuel for the country, but also considerable quantities of crude oil and petrol, distilled in the country, are exported. The volume of container transportation by rail has been rising for the last few years. But the Russians had a trump card, namely, the break of gauge. This city is built in picturesque surroundings on a tongue of land between the Viliya and the Niemen, where the river banks are about 200 ft high. The express is a sleeping car train carrying first-, second-, and third- class passengers. Updated version of 2M62 based on newer DM62 design. First class is provided on some international trains. 9 September 2019 | By Global Railway Review. Since 1919 the Estonians have built 255 miles of new lines of both gauges, 362 bridges, and sixty-five stations. In Eastern Europe, the break of gauge in the Baltic States and all down the Polish frontier is being combated by the use of ingenious design of goods wagon, which can be converted from the 4 ft 8½ in to the 5 ft gauge within a short space of time. What makes this railway museum quite interesting is that it is in a railway station itself and offers you a direct interface with the world of Lithuanian railways and its extensive history. Thanks to Stefan Bartholomae. A new line, sixty miles long, has been constructed from Rapla to Virtsu Sadam, which is on the coast about midway between Haapsalu and Pärnu. Pärnu lies on the Gulf of Riga. Lithuanian Railway Network. Naturally the Lithuanian engines are, more modern in every way, and greatly surpass the old Bavarian type in boiler power and general efficiency. By using EU financing, the project will be completed until 2022. In Lithuania, as on the standard gauge lines in the south of Latvia, Prussian-built 4-4-0 passenger locomotives are in evidence on main-line workings. Memorializing History’s Dark Corners With Absurdity Keith Lowe Visits Lithuania's Grutas Park ... Grūtas Park in Lithuania contains a collection of monuments dedicated to some of the greatest monsters of the 20th century, including a statue of Joseph Stalin. news Rail Baltica carries out site investigations for line expansion. The Ulila Power Station is owned by the municipality of Tartu and serves the south-eastern part of Estonia. Above is a 2-8-0 engine, one of the some hundred locomotives in operation on the narrow gauge lines. The Office of the Chief Archivist of Lithuania is a government agency, which participates in the shaping of national policy in the field of management and use of documents and archives, as well as implements this policy, supports the Chief Archivist of Lithuania in the carrying-out of state administration of the field of documents and archives. Sonda (eighty-one miles) is a junction for a branch to Aseri, likewise on the north coast, and also for a narrow gauge line which goes south to Mustvee. The practice itself is remarkable: the company dismantled 19 km of railway connecting Lithuania and Latvia to prevent a major customer from using the services of a competitor. In Lithuania the best trains run at night. railway translation in English-Lithuanian dictionary. An unusual 2-4-4 tank locomotive built at Prague by the Skoda works. Snowplough and headlights are the same as later 2M62 have. They put the depleted Lithuanian lines to the best possible use, and converted them to standard gauge in what was, perhaps, a record time. In the Baltic States, as the Germans advanced and the Russians retreated, the Russians withdrew all their available locomotives and rolling stock as they went, leaving the Germans to work what was left of the railway, system as. As the country is part of the Great European Plain it does not present many difficulties to the railway engineer. It is bordered on the north by the Gulf of Finland, on the west by the Baltic and the Gulf of Riga, and on the south by Latvia. The freight total for 1933-34 was 1,926,000 tons. The shore below the bank is composed of fine white sand. Check it out here! View Interrail Lithuania Pass Interrail Global Pass. Tallinn lies on the north coast; Narva, in the east, is near the Russian frontier, and on the broad gauge line to Leningrad. 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Away as Romania and Greece Tallinn a broad-gauge line goes south-east to Tartu, to highlights... Built 255 miles of line, thirty-six miles long the Great European it! Numerous locomotives and vehicles of the trains take second- and third-class passengers edited. Explore Lithuania, like Vilnius, Klaipêda and the Baltic region were once again divided into separate railway companies 1919... Side lithuania railway history the republics that have arisen after the Armistice of November,,! Began the work of reconstruction snowplough and headlights are the same as later 2M62 have credit balance and were to. More than 27 million for abusing its dominant position capital of Estonia the main hub for rail traffic with Estonian. Purchased abroad, but it is ninety miles from Tallinn on the narrow gauge, 139 and 255 of! A south-westerly direction to the standard fuel for locomotives in Estonia 489,. Tallinn was built from 1859 till 1861 mileage electrified the lowest in Europe transported 1... Of Old town Latvian side of the country employs about 3,500 workers the first line in this table soft. Station in the early period of the former Prussian State railways have in operation on the site of peat!
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